Background: Our aim was to determine and characterize S. aureus (SA) isolated from infections in newborns for\nantibiotic resistance, virulence factors, genotypes, epidemiology and antibiotic consumption.\nMethods: Prospective surveillance of infections was conducted. Data about antibiotic treatment were analyzed.\nAntimicrobial susceptibility was assessed. PCR amplification was used to detect resistance and virulence genes.\nTyping methods such as PFGE, spa-typing and SCCmec were used.\nResults: SA was found to be associated with 6.5% of infections. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus\naccounted for 32.8% of SA-infections. An incidence of MRSA-infections was 1.1/1000 newborns. MRSA-infections\nwere diagnosed significantly earlier than MSSA-infections in these newborns (14th day vs. 23rd day (p = 0.0194)).\nMRSA-infections increased the risk of newborn�s death. Antibiotic consumption in both group was similar, but a\nhigh level of glycopeptides-usage for MSSA infections was observed.\nIn the MRSA group, more strains were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin and amikacin than in the\nMSSA group. Hla gene was present in 93.9% of strains, and seg and sei in 65.3% of strains, respectively. One\ndominant clone was found among the 14 MRSA isolates. Fifteen strains belonging to SCCmec type IV were spa-t015\nand one strain belonging to SCCmec type V was spa-t011.\nConclusions: Results obtained in the study point at specific epidemiological situation in Polish NICU (more detailed\nstudies are recommended).\nHigh usage of glycopeptides in the MSSA infections treatment indicates the necessity of antimicrobial stewardship\nimprovement and introducing molecular screening for early identification of infections
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